Magirazi ekujekesa anowanzo shandiswa anobatsira kemikari mbishi zvinhu mukugadzira magirazi. Chero zvinhu zvakasvibirira zvinogona kuora (gasify) pakupisa kwepamusoro panguva yekunyunguduka kwegirazi kugadzira gasi kana kuderedza viscosity yegirazi remvura kukurudzira kubviswa kwemabhuru mumvura yegirazi inonzi clarifier. Zvinoenderana nemagadzirirwo ekujekeswa kwegirazi, inogona kukamurwa kuita: oxide clarifier (inowanzozivikanwa se: oxygen kujekesa), sulfate clarifier (inowanzozivikanwa se: sulfur clarifier), halide clarifier (inowanzozivikanwa se: halogen kujekesa) uye composite clarifier ( inowanzozivikanwa se: Compound clarification).
1. Oxide clarifier
Oxide clarfiers inonyanya kusanganisira white arsenic, antimony oxide, sodium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, uye cerium oxide.
1. White arsenic
White arsenic, inozivikanwawo se arsenous anhydride, inowanzoshandiswa kujekesa mumiriri ine yakanakisa kujekesa maitiro. Iyo inowanzozivikanwa se "Clarification King" muindasitiri yegirazi. Asi white arsenic inofanira kushandiswa pamwe chete nenitrate kuti iwane kujekesa kwakanaka. White arsenic inonyungudika zvishoma mumvura inotonhora uye inonyungudika nyore mumvura inopisa. Iine chepfu zvakanyanya. Icho chichena checrystalline powder kana amorphous glassy substance. Sechigadzirwa chekunyungudutswa kwegoridhe, arsenic grey inowanzoita grey, grey kana grey-dema. Inonyanya kushandiswa sechinhu chinojekesa. arsenic. Kana iyo arsenic chena ichipisa kusvika kune madhigirii anopfuura 400, inoburitsa arsenic pentoxide neokisijeni inoburitswa nenitrate pakupisa kwakanyanya. Kana yapiswa kusvika 1300 madhigirii, iyo arsenic pentoxide inoora kuti igadzire arsenic trioxide, iyo inoderedza chikamu chekumanikidza kwegasi mumapupu egirazi. Inobatsira mukukura kwemabhubhu uye inomhanyisa kubviswa kwemabhuru, kuitira kuti uwane chinangwa chekujekesa.
Huwandu hwewhite arsenic hunowanzo 0.2% -0.6% yehuwandu hwebatch, uye huwandu hwenitrate hwakaunzwa ndeye 4-8 nguva yewhite arsenic. Kunyanya kushandiswa kwewhite arsenic hakungowedzere kuvhuvhuta, asiwo kunosvibisa nharaunda uye kunokuvadza kumuviri wemunhu. 0.06 magiramu ewhite arsenic anogona kukonzera rufu. Nokudaro, kana uchishandisa chena arsenic, munhu anokosha anofanira kugoverwa kuichengeta kuitira kudzivirira zviitiko zvehupfu. Girazi rine arsenic chena seanojekesa ari nyore kuderedza uye kusviba girazi panguva yekushanda kwemwenje, saka arsenic chena inofanira kushandiswa zvishoma kana kwete mugirazi remwenje.
2. Antimony oxide
Mhedzisiro yekujekesa yeantimony oxide yakafanana neye white arsenic, uye inofanirawo kushandiswa pamwe chete ne nitrate. Kujekesa nekuora tembiricha yekushandisa antimony oxide yakadzikira pane yewhite arsenic, saka antimony oxide inowanzoshandiswa sechinhu chinojekesa pakunyungudutsa girazi rekutungamirira. Mune soda lime silicate girazi, 0.2% antimony oxide uye 0.4% white arsenic inoshandiswa seanojekesa, iyo ine kujekesa kuri nani uye inogona kudzivirira chizvarwa chechipiri bubbles.
3. Nitrate
Nitrate yoga haiwanzo shandiswa sechinhu chinojekesa mugirazi, uye inowanzo shandiswa seanopa mweya weokisijeni musanganiswa neinosiyana valence oxides.
4. Cerium dioxide
Cerium dioxide ine tembiricha yekuora yakanyanya uye iri nani yekujekesa mumiriri, iyo inoshandiswa zvakanyanya seyakabikwa. Kana ichishandiswa sechinhu chinojekesa, haifaniri kusanganiswa ne nitrate, uye inogona kusunungura okisijeni pachayo pakupisa kwepamusoro kuti ikurumidze kujekesa. Kuti uderedze mari, inowanzoshandiswa pamwe chete ne sulfate mukugadzirwa kwemabhora egirazi kuti uwane mhedzisiro yakanaka yekujekesa.
2. Sulfate clarifier
Masulfate anoshandiswa mugirazi anonyanya kuve sodium sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, uye sulfate ine yakanyanya kuora tembiricha, inova yakanyanya-tembiricha yekujekesa mumiriri. Apo sulfate inoshandiswa sechinhu chinojekesa, zviri nani kuishandisa pamwe chete neoxidizing agent nitrate, uye haigoni kushandiswa pamwe chete nemushonga unoderedza kudzivirira sulfate kubva pakuora pakupisa kwakadzika. Sulfate inowanzo shandiswa mubhodhoro girazi uye flat girazi, uye dosage yayo 1.0% -1.5% yebatch.
3. Halide clarifying agent
Zvikuru zvinosanganisira fluoride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride uye zvichingodaro. Fluoride inonyanya kuve fluorite uye sodium fluorosilicate. Huwandu hwefluorite hunoshandiswa seanojekesa agent inowanzoverengerwa zvichienderana ne0.5% fluorine yakaunzwa mubatch. Iyo yakawanda dosage ye sodium fluorosilicate ndeye 0.4% -0.6% yehuwandu hwesodium oxide mugirazi. Munguva yekunyunguduka kwefluoride, chikamu chefluorine chinoburitsa hydrogen fluoride, silicon fluoride, uye sodium fluoride. Hupfu hwayo hwakakura kudarika hwesalfur dioxide. Pesvedzero pamhepo inofanira kurangarirwa pakuishandisa. Iyo vaporization uye volatilization yesodium chloride pakupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kukurudzira kujekeswa kwegirazi remvura. Iyo yakawanda dosage ndeye 1.3% -3.5% yezvinhu zvebatch. Zvakawanda zvinozoita emulsify girazi. Inowanzoshandiswa sekujekesa kwegirazi rine boron.
Chechina, mujekesi wemubatanidzwa
Iyo composite clarifier inonyanya kushandisa mabhenefiti matatu ekujekeswa kweokisijeni, kujekeswa kwesarufa uye kujekeswa kwehalogen mune yekujekesa agent, uye inopa kutamba kwakazara kune synergistic uye superimposed mhedzisiro yevatatu, iyo inogona kuzadzisa mhedzisiro yekuenderera kujekeswa uye kuwedzera zvakanyanya kujekesa. kugona. Itsanangudzo imwe chete. Mumiririri haaenzaniswi. Zvinoenderana nedanho rekusimudzira, kune: chizvarwa chekutanga cheanosanganisa clarifiers, chizvarwa chechipiri cheanosanganisa clarifiers uye chizvarwa chechitatu checomposite clarifiers. Chizvarwa chechitatu cheanosanganisa clarifiers anonziwo chizvarwa chitsva chezvakatipoteredza anoshamwaridzana composite clarifiers, ayo akasvibira uye ane hushamwari. Inozivikanwa nekuchengetedzeka kwayo uye kugona kwayo, ndiyo yeramangwana danho rekuvandudza regirazi remumiriri indasitiri uye isingadzivisike maitiro ekuwana arsenic-yemahara maumbirwo muindasitiri yegirazi. Iyo yakawanda dosage ndeye 0.4% -0.6% yebatch. Iyo yekujekesa yekomboni yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mubhodhoro girazi, mabhora egirazi (yepakati alkali, alkali-isina), girazi remishonga, yemagetsi mwenje sosi girazi, yemagetsi girazi, girazi-ceramics nemamwe magirazi. Products industry.
2. Sulfate clarifier
Masulfate anoshandiswa mugirazi anonyanya kuve sodium sulfate, barium sulfate, calcium sulfate, uye sulfate ine yakanyanya kuora tembiricha, inova yakanyanya-tembiricha yekujekesa mumiriri. Apo sulfate inoshandiswa sechinhu chinojekesa, zviri nani kuishandisa pamwe chete neoxidizing agent nitrate, uye haigoni kushandiswa pamwe chete nemushonga unoderedza kudzivirira sulfate kubva pakuora pakupisa kwakadzika. Sulfate inowanzo shandiswa mubhodhoro girazi uye flat girazi, uye dosage yayo 1.0% -1.5% yebatch.
3. Halide clarifying agent
Zvikuru zvinosanganisira fluoride, sodium chloride, ammonium chloride uye zvichingodaro. Fluoride inonyanya kuve fluorite uye sodium fluorosilicate. Huwandu hwefluorite hunoshandiswa seanojekesa agent inowanzoverengerwa zvichienderana ne0.5% fluorine yakaunzwa mubatch. Iyo yakawanda dosage ye sodium fluorosilicate ndeye 0.4% -0.6% yehuwandu hwesodium oxide mugirazi. Munguva yekunyunguduka kwefluoride, chikamu chefluorine chinoburitsa hydrogen fluoride, silicon fluoride, uye sodium fluoride. Hupfu hwayo hwakakura kudarika hwesalfur dioxide. Pesvedzero pamhepo inofanira kurangarirwa pakuishandisa. Iyo vaporization uye volatilization yesodium chloride pakupisa kwakanyanya kunogona kukurudzira kujekeswa kwegirazi remvura. Iyo yakawanda dosage ndeye 1.3% -3.5% yezvinhu zvebatch. Zvakawanda zvinozoita emulsify girazi. Inowanzoshandiswa sekujekesa kwegirazi rine boron.
Chechina, mujekesi wemubatanidzwa
Iyo composite clarifier inonyanya kushandisa mabhenefiti matatu ekujekeswa kweokisijeni, kujekeswa kwesarufa uye kujekeswa kwehalogen mune yekujekesa agent, uye inopa kutamba kwakazara kune synergistic uye superimposed mhedzisiro yevatatu, iyo inogona kuzadzisa mhedzisiro yekuenderera kujekeswa uye kuwedzera zvakanyanya kujekesa. kugona. Itsanangudzo imwe chete. Mumiririri haaenzaniswi. Zvinoenderana nedanho rekusimudzira, kune: chizvarwa chekutanga cheanosanganisa clarifiers, chizvarwa chechipiri cheanosanganisa clarifiers uye chizvarwa chechitatu checomposite clarifiers. Chizvarwa chechitatu cheanosanganisa clarifiers anonziwo chizvarwa chitsva chezvakatipoteredza anoshamwaridzana composite clarifiers, ayo akasvibira uye ane hushamwari. Inozivikanwa nekuchengetedzeka kwayo uye kugona kwayo, ndiyo yeramangwana danho rekuvandudza regirazi remumiriri indasitiri uye isingadzivisike maitiro ekuwana arsenic-yemahara maumbirwo muindasitiri yegirazi. Iyo yakawanda dosage ndeye 0.4% -0.6% yebatch. Iyo yekujekesa yekomboni yakashandiswa zvakanyanya mubhodhoro girazi, mabhora egirazi (yepakati alkali, alkali-isina), girazi remishonga, yemagetsi mwenje sosi girazi, yemagetsi girazi, girazi-ceramics nemamwe magirazi. Products industry.
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-06-2021