Iri bepa rinounza iyo spray welding process yegirazi bhodhoro can molds kubva pamativi matatu
Chinhu chekutanga: kupfapfaidza welding yebhodhoro uye inogona girazi molds, kusanganisira manual spray welding, plasma spray welding, laser spray welding, nezvimwe.
Iyo yakajairika maitiro ekugadzira mold spray welding - plasma spray welding, ichangobva kuita humbowo hutsva kunze kwenyika, nekuvandudzwa kwetekinoroji uye mabasa akawedzerwa zvakanyanya, anozivikanwa se "micro plasma spray welding".
Micro plasma spray welding inogona kubatsira makambani ekuumbwa kudzikisa zvakanyanya mari yekudyara uye yekutenga, kuchengetedza kwenguva refu uye mutengo wekushandisa, uye michina inogona kupfapfaidza akawanda akawanda emabasa.Kungotsiva pfapfaidzo welding torch musoro unogona kusangana nepfapfaidzo welding zvinodiwa zveakasiyana workpieces.
2.1 Chii chinorehwa ne "nickel-based alloy solder powder"
Iko kusanzwisisana kuona "nickel" sechinhu chakavhara, chokwadi, nickel-based alloy solder powder is a alloy inoumbwa nickel (Ni), chromium (Cr), boron (B) uye silicon (Si).Iyi alloy inoratidzwa nekudzika kwayo kunyungudika, kubva pa1,020°C kusvika 1,050°C.
Chinhu chikuru chinotungamira mukushandiswa kwakapararira kwenickel-based alloy solder powders (nickel, chromium, boron, silicon) semidziyo yekushongedza mumusika wese ndeyekuti nickel-based alloy solder poda ane zvidimbu zvakasiyana akasimudzirwa pamusika. .Zvakare, nickel-based alloys akaiswa nyore nyore neoxy-fuel gas welding (OFW) kubva pamatanho ekutanga nekuda kwekudzika kwayo kunyungudika, kutsvedzerera, uye kureruka kwekutonga kwe weld puddle.
Oxygen Fuel Gas Welding (OFW) ine zvikamu zviviri zvakasiyana: nhanho yekutanga, inonzi deposition stage, iyo iyo welding powder inonyunguduka uye inonamatira kune workpiece pamusoro;Yakanyungudutswa kuitira compaction uye yakaderedzwa porosity.
Chokwadi chinofanira kuunzwa kuti iyo inonzi danho remelting inowanikwa nemusiyano wekunyunguduka pakati pesimbi yepasi uye nickel alloy, inogona kunge iri ferritic cast iron ine kunyungudika kwe1,350 kusvika 1,400 ° C kana kunyungudika. pfungwa ye1,370 kusvika ku1,500 ° C yeC40 carbon steel (UNI 7845-78).Ndiwo mutsauko wekunyunguduka unova nechokwadi chekuti nickel, chromium, boron, uye silicon alloys hazvizokonzerese kunyungudika kwesimbi yepasi kana iri pakupisa kwedanho rekudzoreredza.
Nekudaro, nickel alloy deposition inogonawo kuwanikwa nekuisa yakaomesesa waya bead pasina kudikanwa kwekuita remelting process: izvi zvinoda rubatsiro rwekutamiswa plasma arc welding (PTA).
2.2 Nickel-based alloy solder poda inoshandiswa kuvhara punch/core muindasitiri yegirazi remabhodhoro
Nezvikonzero izvi, indasitiri yegirazi yakangosarudza nickel-based alloys yeakaomeswa machira pane punch nzvimbo.Kuiswa kwenickel-based alloys kunogona kuwanikwa neoxy-fuel gas welding (OFW) kana ne supersonic flame spraying (HVOF), nepo nzira yekudzoreredza inogona kuwanikwa neinduction heat system kana oxy-fuel gas welding (OFW) zvakare. .Zvekare, mutsauko wekunyungudika pakati pesimbi yepasi uye nickel alloy ndiyo inonyanya kukosha inodiwa, zvikasadaro kuvhara hakuzogoneke.
Nickel, chromium, boron, silicon alloys inogona kuwanikwa uchishandisa Plasma Transfer Arc Technology (PTA), yakadai sePlasma Welding (PTAW), kana Tungsten Inert Gasi Welding (GTAW), chero mutengi aine musangano wekugadzirira gasi inert.
Kuoma kwenickel-based alloys kunosiyana zvichienderana nezvinodiwa zvebasa racho, asi kazhinji kuri pakati pe30 HRC ne60 HRC.
2.3 Mumamiriro ekushisa kwepamusoro, kumanikidzwa kwe nickel-based alloys yakakura
Hukukutu hwataurwa pamusoro apa hunoreva kuomarara kwepakamuri tembiricha.Zvisinei, mumamiriro ekushanda kwekushisa kwepamusoro, kuoma kwe nickel-based alloys kunoderera.
Sezvaratidzwa pamusoro apa, kunyange zvazvo kuoma kwecobalt-based alloys kwakaderera pane iyo nickel-based alloys pakupisa kwekamuri, kuoma kwecobalt-based alloys yakasimba kudarika iyo nickel-based alloys pakupisa kwakanyanya (sekushanda kwe mold. tembiricha).
Girafu rinotevera rinoratidza shanduko mukuoma kweakasiyana alloy solder poda nekuwedzera tembiricha:
2.4 Chii chinorehwa chaizvo che "cobalt-based alloy solder powder"?
Tichifunga nezve cobalt sechinhu chakavharwa, ichokwadi alloy inoumbwa necobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), tungsten (W), kana cobalt (Co), chromium (Cr), uye molybdenum (Mo).Kazhinji inonzi "Stellite" solder powder, cobalt-based alloys ane carbides uye borides kuti vagadzire kuoma kwavo.Mamwe macobalt-based alloys ane 2.5% kabhoni.Chinhu chikuru checobalt-based alloys ndiko kuoma kwavo kwakanyanya kunyangwe pakupisa kwakanyanya.
2.5 Matambudziko akasangana panguva yekuiswa kwecobalt-based alloys pane punch/core surface:
Dambudziko guru rekuiswa kwecobalt-based alloys rine hukama nepamusoro pekunyungudika kwavo.Kutaura zvazviri, nzvimbo yakanyunguduka yecobalt-based alloys ndeye 1,375 ~ 1,400 ° C, iyo inenge yakanyunguduka yekabhoni simbi uye simbi yakakandwa.Nehunyengeri, kana taifanira kushandisa oxy-fuel gas welding (OFW) kana hypersonic flame spraying (HVOF), ipapo panguva ye "remelting" nhanho, simbi yepasi yaizonyungudika zvakare.
Iyo chete inogoneka sarudzo yekuisa cobalt-based poda pane punch / musimboti ndeye: Yakatamiswa Plasma Arc (PTA).
2.6 Nezve kutonhora
Sezvakatsanangurwa pamusoro apa, kushandiswa kweOxygen Fuel Gas Welding (OFW) uye Hypersonic Flame Spray (HVOF) maitiro zvinoreva kuti iyo yakaiswa poda layer inonyungudutswa uye inonamatira.Muchikamu chinotevera chekugadzirisa, iyo mutsara weld bead inobatanidzwa uye ma pores anozadzwa.
Zvinogona kuonekwa kuti kuwirirana pakati pesimbi yepasi uye nzvimbo yekuputira yakakwana uye pasina kukanganisa.Zvibhakera mubvunzo zvaive pamutsetse wakafanana (bhodhoro) wekugadzira, zvibhakera uchishandisa oxy-fuel gas welding (OFW) kana supersonic flame spraying (HVOF), zvibhakera uchishandisa plasma inotamiswa arc (PTA), inoratidzwa mune imwecheteyo Pasi pemhepo inotonhorera , iyo plasma transfer arc (PTA) punch inoshanda tembiricha i100 ° C yakaderera.
2.7 Pamusoro pekugadzira
Machining inzira yakakosha mukugadzira punch/core.Sezvaratidzwa pamusoro apa, zvakanyanya kukanganisa kuisa solder powder (pazvibhakera / cores) nekuomarara kwakaderedzwa zvakanyanya pakupisa kwakanyanya.Chimwe chezvikonzero chiri pamusoro pekugadzira;machining pa60HRC kuomarara alloy solder poda kwakaoma, kumanikidza vatengi kuti vasarudze yakaderera paramita kana vachiseta maturusi paramita (kutendeuka chishandiso kumhanya, kukurumidza kwekudya, kudzika ...).Kushandisa imwechete spray welding maitiro pa45HRC alloy powder iri nyore nyore;iyo yekutendeuka chishandiso paramita inogona zvakare kusetwa kumusoro, uye iyo machining pachayo ichava nyore kupedzisa.
2.8 Pamusoro pehuremu hwehupfu hwakaiswa solder
Maitiro eiyo oxy-fuel gasi welding (OFW) uye supersonic flame spraying (HVOF) ine yakakwira zvakanyanya kurasikirwa nehupfu, inogona kunge yakakwira se70% mukunamatira iyo cladding zvinhu kune workpiece.Kana blow core pfapfaidzo welding inoda magiramu makumi matatu ehupfu yehupfu, izvi zvinoreva kuti pfuti yekupisa inofanira kupfapfaidza magiramu zana ehupfu.
Kusvika kure, hupfu hwekurasikirwa kwehuwandu hweplasma inotamirwa arc (PTA) teknolojia inenge 3% kusvika 5%.Kune imwechete yekuridza core, iyo welding pfuti inongoda kupfapfaidza magiramu makumi matatu nemaviri ehupfu.
2.9 Nezvenguva yekuisa
Oxy-fuel gas welding (OFW) uye supersonic flame spraying (HVOF) deposition nguva dzakafanana.Semuyenzaniso, deposition uye remelting nguva imwechete yekuridza musimboti maminetsi mashanu.Plasma Transferred Arc (PTA) tekinoroji inodawo iwo maminetsi mashanu kuti uwane kuomeswa kwakazara kweiyo workpiece pamusoro (plasma inotamiswa arc).
Mifananidzo iri pazasi inoratidza mhedzisiro yekuenzanisa pakati peaya maitiro maviri uye kutamiswa plasma arc welding (PTA).
Kuenzanisa kwezvibhakera zve nickel-based cladding uye cobalt-based cladding.Mhedzisiro yekumhanya bvunzo pamutsetse wakafanana wekugadzira wakaratidza kuti cobalt-based cladding punches yakagara 3 nguva yakareba kupfuura nickel-based cladding punches, uye cobalt-based cladding punches haina kuratidza chero "kushatisa" Chikamu chechitatu: Mibvunzo uye mhinduro pamusoro pebvunzurudzo naVaClaudio Corni, nyanzvi yekuItaly yekuputira welding, nezve yakazara spray welding yegomba.
Mubvunzo wekutanga: Kukora kwakadii iyo welding layer inodiwa kuti mhango izere nepfapfaidzo welding?Ko Solder Layer Thickness Inobata Kuita?
Mhinduro 1: Ndinokurudzira kuti hupamhi hwepamusoro hwehutambo hwekugadzirisa ndeye 2 ~ 2.5mm, uye oscillation amplitude yakagadzirirwa ku 5mm;kana mutengi akashandisa hukuru hukuru hunokosha, dambudziko re "lap joint" rinogona kusangana.
Mubvunzo 2: Wadii kushandisa yakakura swing OSC = 30mm muchikamu chakatwasuka (inokurudzirwa kuseta 5mm)?Izvi hazvingashande zvakanyanya here?Pane here chakakosha kukosha kune 5mm swing?
Mhinduro 2: Ndinokurudzira kuti chikamu chakarurama chishandisewo swing ye5mm kuchengetedza kutonhora kwakakodzera pane mold;
Kana 30mm swing ikashandiswa, inononoka kupfapfaidza kumhanya kunofanirwa kusetwa, tembiricha yebasa ichave yakanyanya, uye dilution yesimbi yepasi inova yakanyanya kukwirira, uye kuomarara kweyakarasika yekuzadza zvinhu kwakakwira kusvika gumi HRC.Imwe fungidziro yakakosha ndeyekukonzeresa kushushikana pane workpiece (nekuda kwekushisa kwakanyanya), izvo zvinowedzera mukana wekutsemuka.
Nekuzununguka kwehupamhi hwe5mm, mutsara wemutsara unokurumidza, kutonga kwakanakisisa kunogona kuwanikwa, makona akanaka anoumbwa, michina yezvigadzirwa zvekuzadza inochengetwa, uye kurasikirwa kunongova 2 ~ 3 HRC.
Q3: Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvekuumbwa kwe solder powder?Ndeipi solder poda inokodzera cavity spray welding?
A3: Ndinokurudzira solder powder model 30PSP, kana kuputika kuchiitika, shandisa 23PSP pane zvigadziro zvesimbi yakakandwa (shandisa PP model pamhangura yemhangura).
Q4: Chii chikonzero chekusarudza ductile iron?Chii chinonetsa nekushandisa grey cast iron?
Mhinduro 4: MuEurope, tinowanzoshandisa nodular cast iron, nokuti nodular cast iron (mazita maviri echiChirungu: Nodular cast iron uye Ductile cast iron), zita racho rinowanikwa nokuti girafu rinenge riripo mune spherical form pasi pe microscope;kusiyana nezvikamu Plate-yakaumbwa grey cast iron (chaizvoizvo, inogona kunyatsonzi "laminate cast iron").Misiyano yekuumbwa kwakadai inosarudza musiyano mukuru pakati pe ductile iron uye laminate cast iron: maspheres anogadzira geometrical kuramba kupararira kwekuputika uye nekudaro kuwana yakakosha ductility hunhu.Uyezve, iyo spherical fomu yegraphite, yakapihwa chiyero chakafanana, inogara yakaderera pamusoro penzvimbo, ichikonzera kushomeka kukuvadza kune icho chinhu, nekudaro kuwana hukuru hwezvinhu.Kufambidzana nekutanga kushandiswa kwemaindasitiri muna 1948, ductile iron yave imwe nzira yakanaka kune simbi (nemamwe masimbi akakanda), zvichiita kuti mutengo wakaderera, ushande zvakanyanya.
Kupararira kwekuita kwe ductile iron nekuda kwehunhu hwayo, yakasanganiswa nekucheka kuri nyore uye kusiyanisa kuramba hunhu hwesimbi yakakandwa, Yakanakisa kudhonza / huremu reshiyo.
yakanaka machinability
mutengo wakaderera
Mari yeyuniti ine kuramba kwakanaka
Yakanakisa musanganiswa wetensile uye elongation zvivakwa
Mubvunzo wechishanu: Ndeipi iri nani yekusimba nekuoma kwepamusoro uye kuoma kwakaderera?
A5: Iyo yose yakawanda ndeye 35 ~ 21 HRC, ndinokurudzira kushandisa 30 PSP solder powder kuti uwane kukosha kwekuoma pedyo ne28 HRC.
Kuoma hakurevi zvakanangana nehupenyu hwekuumbwa, mutsauko mukuru muhupenyu hwebasa ndiyo nzira iyo mold surface "yakavharwa" uye zvinhu zvinoshandiswa.
Manual welding, iyo chaiyo (welding material uye base metal) musanganiswa weiyo yakawanikwa mold haina kunaka seye PTA plasma, uye zvigwere zvinowanzoonekwa mukugadzirwa kwegirazi.
Mubvunzo wechitanhatu: Nzira yekuita sei yakazara spray welding yemukati wemukati?Nzira yekuona uye kudzora kunaka kweiyo solder layer?
Mhinduro 6: Ndinokurudzira kuisa poda yakaderera kasi paPTA welder, kwete kupfuura 10RPM;kutanga kubva pamapendekete, chengeta nzvimbo iri pa5mm kuti weld mabead anoenderana.
Nyora kumagumo:
Munguva yekukurumidza kuchinja kwetekinoroji, sainzi uye tekinoroji zvinofambisa kufambira mberi kwemabhizinesi nenzanga;spray welding yeimwe workpiece inogona kuwanikwa nenzira dzakasiyana.Kune fekitori yekuumbwa, pamusoro pekutarisisa zvinodiwa nevatengi vayo, iyo nzira inofanirwa kushandiswa, inofanirwawo kufunga nezve mutengo wekuita kwekudyara kwemidziyo, kuchinjika kwemidziyo, kuchengetedza uye kudhura mari yekuzoshandiswa gare gare, uye kana. iyo midziyo inogona kuvhara huwandu hwakawanda hwezvigadzirwa.Micro plasma spray welding pasina mubvunzo inopa sarudzo iri nani kumafekitori ekuumbwa.
Nguva yekutumira: Jun-17-2022