Musi waOctober 15th, vatsvakurudzi veChalmers University of Technology muSweden vakabudirira kugadzira rudzi rutsva rwegirasi rekupedzisira-rakagadzikana uye rakasimba rine zvingangoita zvikumbiro zvinosanganisira mishonga, zvikwangwani zve digital uye solar cell technology.Chidzidzo ichi chakaratidza kuti kusanganisa mamorekuru akawanda (anosvika masere panguva) anogona kugadzira chinhu chinoita zvakanaka seyakanakisa magirazi ekugadzira maajenti anozivikanwa parizvino.
Girazi, iro rinozivikanwawo se "amorphous solid", chinhu chisina kureba-yakaodha chimiro-hachigadziri makristasi.Kune rumwe rutivi, crystalline zvinhu zvinhu zvakarongeka zvakanyanya uye zvinodzokorora maitiro.
Zvinhu zvatinowanzodaidza kuti "girazi" muhupenyu hwezuva nezuva zvakanyanya kuenderana nesilika, asi girazi rinogona kugadzirwa nezvinhu zvakawanda zvakasiyana.Nokudaro, vatsvakurudzi vanogara vachifarira kutsvaga nzira itsva dzekukurudzira zvinhu zvakasiyana-siyana kuti zvigadzire iyi amorphous state, iyo inogona kutungamirira kukugadzirwa kwemagirazi matsva ane zvinhu zvakagadziridzwa uye kushandiswa kutsva.Tsvagiridzo nyowani ichangobva kuburitswa mupepanhau resainzi "Science Advances" inomiririra danho rakakosha rekutsvaga.
Zvino, nekungosanganisa mamorekuru mazhinji akasiyana, takangoerekana tavhura mukana wekugadzira zvinhu zvitsva uye zviri nani zvegirazi.Avo vanodzidza mamorekuru vanoziva kuti kushandisa musanganiswa wemamorekuru maviri kana matatu akasiyana kunogona kubatsira kuumba girazi, asi vashoma vanogona kutarisira kuti kuwedzera mamwe mamorekuru kuchawana mhedzisiro yakanaka kudaro, "boka rekutsvaga rakatungamira tsvagiridzo.Muzvinafundo Christian Müller kubva kuDhipatimendi reChemistry uye Chemical Engineering yeUlms University akadaro.
Mhedzisiro yakanaka kune chero magirazi ekugadzira zvinhu
Kana iyo mvura inotonhora isina crystallization, girazi rinoumbwa, chirongwa chinonzi vitrification.Kushandiswa kwemusanganiswa wemamorekuru maviri kana matatu kusimudzira kuumbwa kwegirazi ipfungwa yakakura.Nekudaro, mhedzisiro yekusanganisa nhamba huru yemamorekuru pakukwanisa kuumba girazi yakagamuchira kushomeka.
Vatsvagiri vakaedza musanganiswa weanosvika masere akasiyana perylene mamorekuru, ayo ega ane brittleness yakakwira-iyi hunhu hune hukama nekureruka kunoita zvinhu girazi.Asi kusanganisa mamorekuru akawanda pamwechete kunotungamira kudzikisira kukuru kwebrittleness uye kunoumba girazi rakasimba kwazvo rekare rine ultra-low brittleness.
“Kufenda kwegirazi kwatakaita muongororo yedu kwakadzikira, izvo zvinomiririra kugona kugadzira girazi kwakanakisa.Hatina kuyera chete chero organic zvinhu asiwo mapolymer uye inorganic zvinhu (senge yakawanda simbi girazi).Mhedzisiro yacho inotova nani pane yakajairika girazi.Girazi rekugadzira kugona kwegirazi regirazi ndeimwe yeakanakisa magirazi ekare atinoziva, "akadaro Sandra Hultmark, mudzidzi wechiremba muDhipatimendi reChemistry uye Chemical Engineering uye munyori anotungamira wechidzidzo ichi.
Wedzera hupenyu hwechigadzirwa uye chengetedza zviwanikwa
Yakakosha mashandisirwo eimwe yakagadzikana organic girazi matekinoroji ekuratidzira akadai seOLED skrini uye hunyanzvi hwesimba remagetsi senge organic solar maseru.
“MaOLED anoumbwa nemagirazi akaturikidzana emamorekuru anobudisa chiedza.Kana dzakanyatsogadzikana, zvinogona kuwedzera kusimba kweOLED uye pakupedzisira kusimba kwechiratidziro, ”akatsanangura Sandra Hultmark.
Imwe application inogona kubatsira kubva kune yakagadzikana girazi mishonga.Mishonga yeAmorphous inonyungudika nekukurumidza, iyo inobatsira kukurumidza kutora chinhu chinoshanda kana ichinge yapinda.Naizvozvo, mishonga yakawanda inoshandisa magirazi ekugadzira mafomu emishonga.Kune zvinodhaka, zvakakosha kuti vitreous material irege kupenya nekufamba kwenguva.Kunyanya kugadzikana kwemushonga wegirazi, kunowedzera hupenyu hwesherufu hwemushonga.
"Negirazi rakagadzikana kana girazi nyowani kugadzira zvinhu, tinogona kuwedzera hupenyu hwebasa rehuwandu hwezvigadzirwa, nekudaro tichichengetedza zviwanikwa uye hupfumi," akadaro Christian Müller.
"Iyo vitrification yemusanganiswa weXinyuanperylene ine ultra-low brittleness" yakaburitswa mupepanhau resainzi "Science Advances".
Nguva yekutumira: Zvita-06-2021